Theaflavins (TFs)thiabThearubigins (TRs)yog ob pawg sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj polyphenolic pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yej dub, txhua tus muaj cov tshuaj sib xyaw thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab txog lawv cov kev pabcuam rau cov yam ntxwv thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj yej dub. Tsab xov xwm no lub hom phiaj yog los muab kev tshawb nrhiav dav dav ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm Theaflavins thiab Thearubigins, txhawb nqa los ntawm cov pov thawj los ntawm kev tshawb fawb cuam tshuam.
Theaflavins thiab thearubigins yog ob qho tib si flavonoids uas pab txhawb rau xim, saj, thiab lub cev ntawm tshuaj yej.Theaflavins yog txiv kab ntxwv los yog liab, thiab thearubigins yog xim av liab. Theaflavins yog thawj cov flavonoids uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm oxidation, thaum thearubigins tshwm sim tom qab. Theaflavins pab txhawb rau qhov astringency, ci ntsa iab, thiab briskness tshuaj yej, thaum thearubigins pab txhawb rau nws lub zog thiab qhov ncauj-zoo li.
Theaflavins yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj polyphenolic uas pab txhawb rau cov xim, saj, thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yej dub. Lawv tau tsim los ntawm kev oxidative dimerization ntawm catechins thaum lub sijhawm fermentation ntawm nplooj tshuaj yej. Theaflavins paub txog lawv cov teebmeem antioxidant thiab anti-inflammatory, uas tau txuas nrog ntau yam txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv, suav nrog kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv, cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob cancer, thiab cov teebmeem tiv thaiv kev laus.
Nyob rau sab tes tod,Thearubiginsyog cov tshuaj polyphenolic loj uas kuj tau los ntawm kev oxidation ntawm cov tshuaj yej polyphenols thaum lub sijhawm fermentation ntawm nplooj tshuaj yej. Lawv yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov xim liab nplua nuj thiab cov saj tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj yej dub. Thearubigins tau cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj antioxidant, tiv thaiv kev o, thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv tawv nqaij, ua rau lawv yog ib qho kev txaus siab hauv kev tiv thaiv kev laus thiab kev saib xyuas tawv nqaij.
Hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, Theaflavins txawv ntawm Thearubigins hauv lawv cov qauv molecular thiab cov khoom sib xyaw. Theaflavins yog cov tshuaj dimeric, txhais tau tias kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob lub me me tsim lawv, thaum Thearubigins yog cov tshuaj polymeric loj dua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam flavonoids thaum lub sijhawm fermentation tshuaj yej. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv no ua rau lawv cov haujlwm sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv.
| Theaflavins | Thearubigins | |
| Xim | Txiv kab ntxwv los yog liab | Xim av liab |
| Kev pab nyiaj rau tshuaj yej | Kev ci ntsa iab, kev nplij siab thiab kev nplij siab | Lub zog thiab qhov ncauj-zoo li cas |
| Cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg | Txhais tau zoo | Heterogeneous thiab tsis paub |
| Feem pua ntawm qhov hnyav qhuav hauv tshuaj yej dub | 1–6% | 10–20% |
Theaflavins yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas siv los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj yej dub. Qhov piv ntawm theaflavins rau thearubigins (TF: TR) yuav tsum yog 1:10 txog 1:12 rau cov tshuaj yej dub zoo. Lub sijhawm fermentation yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm qhov piv ntawm TF: TR.
Theaflavins thiab thearubigins yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm catechins thaum lub sijhawm enzymatic oxidation ntawm tshuaj yej thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Theaflavins muab xim txiv kab ntxwv lossis txiv kab ntxwv-liab rau tshuaj yej thiab pab txhawb rau qhov ncauj xav thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj nplaum tsim. Lawv yog cov tshuaj dimeric uas muaj cov pob txha benzotropolone uas tsim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khub catechins xaiv. Qhov oxidation ntawm B nplhaib ntawm (-)-epigallocatechin lossis (-)-epigallocatechin gallate yog ua raws li kev poob ntawm CO2 thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog B nplhaib ntawm (-)-epicatechin lossis (-)-epicatechin gallate molecule (Daim Duab 12.2). Plaub qhov tseem ceeb theaflavins tau txheeb xyuas hauv tshuaj yej dub: theaflavin, theaflavin-3-monogallate, theaflavin-3′-monogallate, thiab theaflavin-3,3′-digallate. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cov stereoisomers thiab derivatives tuaj yeem muaj. Tsis ntev los no, qhov muaj theaflavin trigallate thiab tetragallate hauv cov tshuaj yej dub tau tshaj tawm (Chen et al., 2012). Cov theaflavins tuaj yeem oxidized ntxiv. Lawv kuj yog cov precursors rau kev tsim cov polymeric thearubigins. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis paub txog tam sim no. Thearubigins yog cov xim liab-xim av lossis xim av tsaus hauv cov tshuaj yej dub, lawv cov ntsiab lus suav txog li 60% ntawm qhov hnyav qhuav ntawm cov tshuaj yej infusion.
Hais txog cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv, Theaflavins tau raug kawm ntau yam txog lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Kev tshawb fawb tau hais tias Theaflavins yuav pab txo cov roj cholesterol, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab muaj cov teebmeem tiv thaiv kev o, uas txhua yam no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Tsis tas li ntawd, Theaflavins tau pom tias muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb qog noj ntshav thiab tej zaum yuav muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav qab zib.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, Thearubigins tau cuam tshuam nrog cov teebmeem antioxidant thiab anti-inflammatory, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tawm tsam kev ntxhov siab oxidative thiab o hauv lub cev. Cov khoom no yuav pab txhawb rau cov teebmeem tiv thaiv kev laus thiab kev tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij ntawm Thearubigins, ua rau lawv yog ib qho kev txaus siab rau kev saib xyuas daim tawv nqaij thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev laus.
Xaus lus, Theaflavins thiab Thearubigins yog cov tshuaj polyphenolic sib txawv uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yej dub, txhua tus muaj cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv. Txawm hais tias Theaflavins tau txuas nrog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv, cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav qab zib, Thearubigins tau txuas nrog cov tshuaj antioxidant, tiv thaiv kev o, thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv tawv nqaij, ua rau lawv yog ib qho kev txaus siab rau kev tiv thaiv kev laus thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev saib xyuas tawv nqaij.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv los ua piv txwv:
Hamilton-Miller JM. Cov khoom siv tua kab mob ntawm tshuaj yej (Camellia sinensis L.). Cov tshuaj tua kab mob Chemother. 1995; 39 (11): 2375-2377.
Khan N, Mukhtar H. Cov tshuaj yej polyphenols rau kev txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv. Life Sci. 2007; 81 (7): 519-533.
Mandel S, Youdim MB. Catechin polyphenols: neurodegeneration thiab neuroprotection hauv cov kab mob neurodegenerative. Dawb Radic Biol Med. 2004; 37 (3): 304-17.
Jochmann N, Baumann G, Stangl V. Tshuaj yej ntsuab thiab kab mob plawv: los ntawm cov hom phiaj molecular rau kev noj qab haus huv tib neeg. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008;11(6):758-765.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-11-2024
