Xov xwm - Dab tsi yog Ntuj Antioxidant-Ginkgo Nplooj Extract!

I. Kev Taw Qhia

Taw qhia

Dab tsi yog cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv ntawm ginkgo biloba extract hmoov (2)

Ginkgo nplooj Extractyog ib tug natural active tshuaj muab rho tawm los ntawm ginkgo nplooj. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog flavonoids thiab ginkgo lactones. Nws yog ib qho tshwj xeeb PAF (platelet-activating factor, platelet-activating factor) receptor antagonist. Nws cov haujlwm pharmacological muaj xws li: txhim kho cerebral ncig thiab cell metabolism; nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qe ntshav liab superoxide dismutase (SOD) thiab glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), thiab txo cov cell membrane peroxidized lipids (MDA). ntau lawm, tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cardiomyocytes thiab vascular endothelial hlwb; xaiv antagonize platelet aggregation, micro thrombosis, thiab lipid metabolism cuam tshuam los ntawm platelet PAF; txhim kho coronary ncig ntawm lub plawv thiab tiv thaiv ischemic myocardium; Ua kom cov ntshav liab deformability, txo cov ntshav viscosity, thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob microcirculatory; inhibit synthesis ntawm thromboxane (TXA2) thiab txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm prostaglandin PGI2 los ntawm vascular endothelial hlwb.

Nroj tsuag

Ginkgo biloba yog nplooj ntawm Ginkgo biloba L., ib tsob nroj ntawm Ginkgo tsev neeg. Nws cov extract (EGB) muaj ntau yam kev kho mob ua haujlwm thiab siv dav hauv cov khoom noj thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ginkgo nplooj yog complex, nrog ntau tshaj 140 tebchaw cais los ntawm nws. Flavonoids thiab terpene lactones yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Ginkgo nplooj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj muaj polyprenol, organic acids, polysaccharides, amino acids, phenols, thiab kab kawm. Raws li kev txheeb cais tsis tiav, tam sim no thoob ntiaj teb tus qauv ginkgo nplooj extract yog EGb761 ua raws li lub teb chaws Yelemees Schwabe patented txheej txheem. Nws zoo nkaus li cov hmoov xim av-daj thiab muaj cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm ginkgo nplooj. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog 24% flavonoids, 6% terpene lactones, tsawg dua 0.0005% ginkgo acid, 7.0% proanthocyanidins, 13.0% carboxylic acids, 2.0% catechins, 20% non-flavonoid glycosides, thiab 4. %, inorganic teeb meem 5.0%, noo noo hnyav 3.0%, lwm yam 3.0%.

Antioxidant yam ntxwv thiab tshuab

Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem ncaj qha tshem tawm cov lipid dawb radicals, lipid peroxidation dawb radicals alkane dawb radicals, thiab lwm yam, thiab txiav tawm cov kab mob dawb radicals. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem tswj hwm thiab txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes antioxidant xws li superoxide dismutase thiab glutathione peroxidase. Cov nyhuv antioxidant ntawm flavonoids hauv EGB tshaj li ntawm cov vitamins, thiab nws muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dawb radical nres hauv vitro.

Cov teebmeem antioxidant ntawm ginkgo rho tawm los ntawm ntau txoj kev sib txawv, thiab cov teebmeem antioxidant ntawm crude extracts thiab refined khoom kuj txawv. Ma Xihan et al. pom tias roj av ether-ethanol extract muaj qhov muaj zog antioxidant nyhuv ntawm rapeseed roj piv rau Ginkgo nplooj extracts tau los ntawm ntau txoj kev npaj. Lub peev xwm antioxidant ntawm crude Ginkgo nplooj extract yog me ntsis siab dua li ntawm refined extract. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog vim lub crude Lub extract muaj lwm yam antioxidant cov khoom xyaw, xws li organic acids, amino acids, tannins, alkaloids, thiab lwm yam khoom uas muaj synergistic los.

Txoj Kev Npaj

(1) Organic solvent extraction method Tam sim no, txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws nyob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws yog cov organic solvent extraction method. Txij li lwm cov kuab tshuaj organic yog tshuaj lom lossis tsis haum, ethanol feem ntau yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev rho tawm. Kev sim los ntawm Zhang Yonghong thiab lwm tus tau pom tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev rho tawm flavonoids los ntawm ginkgo nplooj yog 70% ethanol raws li cov tshuaj extraction, qhov kub ntawm extraction yog 90 ° C, cov khoom-kua piv yog 1:20, tus naj npawb ntawm extractions yog 3. lub sij hawm, thiab txhua lub sij hawm refluxes rau 1.5 teev.

(2) Enzyme extraction method Wang Hui li al. qhov kev sim tau pom tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tag nrho cov flavonoids tau nce ntxiv tom qab ginkgo nplooj raw cov ntaub ntawv raug pretreated nrog cellulase thiab muab rho tawm, thiab cov qoob loo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 2.01%.

(3) Ultrasonic extraction method Tom qab kev kho ultrasonic ntawm ginkgo nplooj, cov cell membrane tau tawg, thiab lub zog ntawm nplooj ntawv tau nrawm dua, uas txhawb kev tawg ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag. Yog li ntawd, ultrasonic extraction ntawm flavonoids muaj qhov zoo. Cov kev sim tau txais los ntawm Liu Jingzhi li al. qhia tias cov txheej txheem ntawm ultrasonic extraction yog: ultrasonic zaus 40kHz, ultrasonic kho lub sij hawm 55min, kub 35 ° C, thiab sawv rau 3h. Lub sijhawm no, tus nqi rho tawm yog 81.9%.

Daim ntawv thov

Cov flavonoids hauv Ginkgo nplooj muaj cov tshuaj antioxidant thiab tuaj yeem ntxiv rau cov roj thiab pastries ua antioxidants. Tag nrho cov flavonoids feem ntau yog daj thiab muaj solubility dav, ob qho tib si dej-soluble thiab fat-soluble, yog li tag nrho flavonoids tuaj yeem siv rau xim. tus neeg sawv cev cuam tshuam. Ginkgo biloba tau ua tiav rau hauv cov hmoov ultrafine thiab ntxiv rau cov zaub mov. Ginkgo nplooj yog ultra-finely pulverized thiab ntxiv rau ncuav mog qab zib, biscuits, noodles, candies, thiab ice cream ntawm tus nqi ntawm 5% mus rau 10% ua rau lawv mus rau hauv ginkgo nplooj zaub mov nrog kev kho mob.
Ginkgo nplooj extract yog siv los ua zaub mov additive nyob rau hauv Canada thiab tau pom zoo raws li ib tug over-the-counter tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Fabkis. Ginkgo nplooj muaj nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Pharmacopoeia (24th tsab) thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua khoom noj khoom haus hauv Tebchaws Meskas.

Pharmacological teebmeem

1. cuam tshuam rau cov hlab plawv
(1) Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm angiotensin-hloov enzyme (ACE) hauv tib neeg cov ntshav, yog li inhibiting qhov contraction ntawm arterioles, dilating cov hlab ntsha, thiab ua kom ntshav txaus.
(2) Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev poob qis hauv cov txiv neej nas uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj bupivacaine hauv cov hlab ntsha, cuam tshuam cov hlab ntsha hauv tib neeg thiab npua los ntawm hypoxia, thiab tshem tawm PAF (platelet-activating factor) ua rau arrhythmia hauv dev. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua xua hauv plawv hauv cov npua guinea cais.
(3) Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem nthuav dav cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb ntawm cov tshuaj loog thiab dev, ua rau cov ntshav ntws hauv hlwb, thiab txo cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb. Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov nce hauv mesenteric microvascular txoj kab uas hla tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob endotoxin. Hauv cov qauv canine endotoxin, Ginkgo biloba extract inhibits hemodynamic hloov; nyob rau hauv yaj lub ntsws qauv, Ginkgo biloba extract inhibits ntshav siab thiab pulmonary edema tshwm sim los ntawm lymphatic flow disorder los ntawm endotoxin.
(4) Cov nas tsuag tau txhaj tshuaj intraperitoneally nrog 5ml / kg ntawm ginkgo nplooj flavonoids txhua hnub. Tom qab 40 hnub, cov ntshav cov ntsiab lus triglyceride tau txo qis. Ginkgo biloba extract (20 mg / kg ib hnub twg) tau muab qhov ncauj rau luav tau txais kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab hypercholesterolemic. Tom qab ib hlis, cov qib ntawm hyper-esterified cholesterol nyob rau hauv plasma thiab aorta ntawm luav tau txais kev noj zaub mov atherogenic tau txo qis. Txawm li cas los xij, cov qib roj cholesterol dawb tseem tsis hloov pauv.
(5) Ginkgo terpene lactone yog ib qho tshwj xeeb PAF receptor blocker. Ginkgo nplooj extract los yog ginkgo terpene lactone tuaj yeem inhibit platelet-activating factor (PAF) thiab cyclooxygenase lossis lipoxygenase. Ginkgo nplooj extract tau zoo zam thiab antagonized platelet aggregation tshwm sim los ntawm PAF tab sis tsis cuam tshuam rau aggregation los ntawm ADP.

2. cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb
(1) Ginkgo nplooj extract cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob endocrine thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lub hauv paus paj hlwb los ntawm inhibiting qhov kev ua ntawm PAF. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb lub hlwb ncig cov metabolism thiab txhim kho kev nco.
(2) Ginkgo terpene lactones muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab, thiab lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab muaj feem xyuam rau lub hauv nruab nrab monoaminergic paj hlwb.
(3) Ntxiv rau qhov tseeb tias Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tsis txaus ntawm lub cim xeeb tsis zoo los ntawm NaNO2, nws cov nyhuv antihypoxic tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau nws qhov nce hauv cerebral ntshav txaus thiab txhim kho lub hlwb metabolism thaum lub sijhawm hypoxia.
(4) Ginkgo nplooj extract zoo heev txhim kho lub hlwb kev coj cwj pwm tsis zoo ntawm gerbils tshwm sim los ntawm ligation thiab recirculation ntawm ob leeg carotid hlab ntsha thiab tiv thaiv lub hlwb puas nyob rau hauv gerbils los ntawm ischemia thiab congestion; Txhim khu kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dev tom qab multi-focal hlwb ischemia Thaum ntxov neuronal rov qab thiab txo cov kev puas hlwb tom qab ischemia hauv hippocampus ntawm lub hlwb gerbil; zoo heev txo qhov poob ntawm ATP, AMP, creatine thiab creatine phosphate hauv lub hlwb ischemic ntawm mongrel aub. Ginkgo biloba lactone B yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob stroke.

3. cuam tshuam rau lub plab zom mov
(1) Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem txhim kho lub plab thiab plab hnyuv rwj hauv cov nas uas tshwm sim los ntawm PAF thiab endotoxin, thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qee qhov kev puas tsuaj rau plab los ntawm ethanol.
(2) Hauv cov nas nrog daim siab mob siab los ntawm cov kua tsib kab ligation, kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm ginkgo nplooj extract txo qis hepatic portal venous siab, plawv Performance index, ntshav ntws ntawm portal leeg ceg, thiab txhim kho cov kab mob vascular kam rau ua piv nrog cov placebo. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias ginkgo nplooj extract muaj peev xwm kho mob rau daim siab cirrhosis. Nws tuaj yeem thaiv kev tsim cov pa oxygen dawb radicals hauv nas mob pancreatitis tshwm sim los ntawm cholecystokinin. Ginkgo terpene lactone B tuaj yeem muaj lub luag haujlwm hauv kev kho mob pancreatitis.

4. cuam tshuam rau txoj kev ua pa
(1) Cov ethanol extract ntawm Ginkgo biloba muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv du thiab tuaj yeem txo cov teebmeem ntawm histamine phosphate thiab acetylcholine ntawm cov kab mob sib cais ntawm cov npua guinea, thiab tiv thaiv kev mob hawb pob tshwm sim hauv cov npua guinea.
(2) Intravenous txhaj ntawm Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem inhibit bronchoconstriction thiab hyperresponsiveness ntawm nas induced los ntawm PAF thiab ovalbumin, thiab tiv thaiv lub bronchoconstriction los ntawm antigens, tab sis tsis cuam tshuam rau bronchial hyperresponsiveness tshwm sim los ntawm indomethacin.
(3) Inhalation ntawm aerosolized Ginkgo nplooj extract tsis tsuas yog inhibits bronchoconstriction tab sis kuj inhibits txo cov qe ntshav dawb thiab eosinophils tshwm sim los ntawm PAF. Ginkgo nplooj extract yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv inhibiting thiab kho bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

5. Anti-aging nyhuv
Ginkgobiflavonoids, isoginkgobiflavonoids, ginkgo biloba, thiab quercetin hauv ginkgo nplooj tag nrho inhibit lipid peroxidation, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim quercetin muaj zog inhibitory kev ua si. Kev sim tau ua rau cov nas thiab nws tau pom tias cov dej rho tawm ginkgo nplooj tag nrho cov flavonoids (0.95mg / ml) tuaj yeem txo cov lipid peroxidation, thiab cov kua qaub-extracted ginkgo nplooj tag nrho flavonoids (1.9mg / ml) tuaj yeem nce ntshav tooj liab thiab zinc SOD. kev ua si thiab txo Cov nyhuv ntawm cov ntshav viscosity thaum txo cov kev ua SGPT.

7. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv tsis kam lees thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv kab mob
Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem ncua lub sijhawm ciaj sia ntawm daim tawv nqaij grafts, heterotopic plawv xenografts, thiab orthotopic siab xenografts. Ginkgo nplooj extract tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub cev cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub cev tiv thaiv KC526 lub hom phiaj hlwb, thiab tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub ntuj tua kab mob los ntawm interferon.

8. Cov nyhuv tiv thaiv qog
Cov nplooj ntsuab ntsuab ntawm Ginkgo biloba, cov rog-soluble, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus kab mob Epstein-Barr. Heptadecene salicylic acid thiab bilo-betin muaj zog inhibitory kev ua si; tag nrho cov flavonoids ntawm Ginkgo tuaj yeem ua rau cov thymus hnyav ntawm cov nas uas muaj kabmob. thiab SOD qib kev ua ub no, ua kom lub cev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv qog nqaij hlav; quercetin thiab myricetin tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm carcinogens.

Cov lus ceeb toom thiab contraindications

Kev tsis zoo ntawm Ginkgo nplooj extract: Qee zaus plab hnyuv tsis xis nyob, xws li anorexia, xeev siab, cem quav, quav quav, plab plab, thiab lwm yam; kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv dhia, qaug zog, thiab lwm yam, tab sis cov no tsis cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob. Tom qab kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj mus ntev, cov cim qhia txog ntshav rheology yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm plab hnyuv, koj tuaj yeem noj tom qab noj mov xwb.

Cov tshuaj sib cuam tshuam

Cov khoom no muaj cov nyhuv synergistic thaum siv nrog rau lwm cov ntshav viscosity-txo cov tshuaj, xws li sodium alginate diester, acetate, thiab lwm yam, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo.

Txoj Kev Loj Hlob

Ginkgo nplooj muaj ib qho me me ntawm proanthocyanidins thiab urushiolic acids, uas tseem muaj tshuaj lom rau tib neeg lub cev. Thaum ginkgo tawm los ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev ua zaub mov, kev kho tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm proanthocyanidins thiab urushiolic acids. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj siv tam sim no, tsis muaj qhov mob hnyav lossis mob ntev thiab tsis muaj teebmeem teratogenic. Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv tau pom zoo Ginkgo biloba extract ua cov khoom noj tshiab hauv xyoo 1992. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, Ginkgo biloba tag nrho cov flavonoids tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam zaub mov, thiab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm Ginkgo biloba muaj kev cia siab dav.