Anthocyanin yog dab tsi?

Xwm ntawm Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj hu ua flavonoids, uas yog ib hom polyphenol. Lawv yog cov xim dej-soluble uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov vacuoles ntawm cov hlwb cog. Cov xim ntawm anthocyanins sib txawv nyob ntawm pH ntawm ib puag ncig, nrog rau cov xim liab tshwm sim hauv cov xwm txheej acidic thiab cov xim xiav hauv cov xwm txheej alkaline. Qhov tshwj xeeb no ua rau anthocyanins muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov cim pH ntuj.
Cov anthocyanins yog tsim los ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb hu ua anthocyanidin, uas txuas nrog ib lossis ntau lub suab thaj. Cov anthocyanidins feem ntau suav nrog cyanidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, petunidin, thiab malvidin. Cov anthocyanidins no tuaj yeem pom muaj ntau yam kev sib xyaw thiab cov feem pua ​​​​​​hauv ntau qhov chaw cog ntoo sib txawv, ua rau muaj ntau yam xim thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg.

Cov Khoom Siv ntawm Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins muaj ntau nyob rau hauv xwm thiab tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, thiab paj. Qee qhov chaw nplua nuj tshaj plaws ntawm anthocyanins suav nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo xws li blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, thiab strawberries. Lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo xws li cherries, grapes, thiab plums kuj muaj ntau ntawm anthocyanins. Ntxiv rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub xws li zaub qhwv liab, dos liab, thiab eggplants yog cov chaw zoo ntawm cov pigments no.
Cov xim ntawm paj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xim liab, ntshav, thiab xiav, feem ntau yog vim muaj cov anthocyanins. Piv txwv ntawm cov paj uas muaj anthocyanins suav nrog paj noob hlis, pansies, thiab petunias. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas muaj anthocyanins muab ntau lub sijhawm rau kev koom ua ke cov tshuaj no rau hauv tib neeg cov zaub mov noj.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Anthocyanins rau kev noj qab haus huv
Cov tshuaj anthocyanins tau yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb ntau yam vim lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov khoom ua antioxidant muaj zog, uas pab tiv thaiv cov hlwb ntawm kev puas tsuaj oxidative los ntawm cov free radicals. Kev ntxhov siab oxidative tau txuas nrog ntau yam kab mob ntev, suav nrog mob qog noj ntshav, kab mob plawv, thiab cov kab mob neurodegenerative. Los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov free radicals, anthocyanins pab tiv thaiv cov kab mob no.
Ntxiv rau lawv cov teebmeem antioxidant, anthocyanins tau pom tias muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kev o. Kev o ntev yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kab mob, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm anthocyanins los txo qhov o tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Cov kev tshawb fawb kuj tau hais tias anthocyanins tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv los ntawm kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov anthocyanins tau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev xav thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb. Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov tshuaj no yuav pab tiv thaiv kev poob qis ntawm kev xav thiab cov kab mob neurodegenerative xws li Alzheimer's thiab Parkinson's. Cov teebmeem neuroprotective ntawm anthocyanins ua rau lawv yog ib qho chaw kawm txaus nyiam rau kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov kab mob neurological.

Cov Kev Siv Tau ntawm Anthocyanins
Cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv ntawm anthocyanins tau ua rau lawv suav nrog rau hauv ntau yam khoom noj thiab dej haus. Cov tshuaj anthocyanin uas muaj ntau yog siv los ua cov xim ntuj tsim rau zaub mov, muab lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov xim cuav. Cov xim ntuj no yog siv los txhim kho qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom xws li kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, mis nyuj yogurt, ice cream, thiab cov khoom qab zib. Qhov kev thov rau cov khoom xyaw ntuj thiab huv si tau tsav kev siv anthocyanins hauv kev lag luam zaub mov.

Ntxiv rau lawv siv ua cov xim rau zaub mov, anthocyanins tab tom raug tshawb nrhiav rau lawv cov kev siv kho mob. Cov tshuaj rho tawm uas muaj cov anthocyanins ntau tab tom raug kawm txog lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim cov zaub mov ua haujlwm thiab cov tshuaj noj uas tsom mus rau kev txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyob zoo. Kev lag luam tshuaj kuj tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav lub peev xwm ntawm anthocyanins hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tshiab rau ntau yam mob.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce tau qhia txog kev txaus siab rau anthocyanins vim lawv cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant thiab anti-inflammatory. Cov tshuaj no tau raug muab tso rau hauv cov khoom siv tawv nqaij kom muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm ib puag ncig thiab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm anthocyanins ua rau lawv cov khoom xyaw zoo rau kev tsim cov khoom siv pleev ib ce.

Xaus lus
Anthocyanins yog cov xim ntuj uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam nroj tsuag, muab cov xim ci ntsa iab thiab ntau yam txiaj ntsig rau kev noj qab haus huv. Lawv cov tshuaj antioxidant, tiv thaiv kev o, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv neuroprotective ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyob zoo. Thaum kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus nrhiav pom cov kev siv tau ntawm anthocyanins, lawv qhov muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj, dej haus, tshuaj, thiab cov khoom siv pleev kom zoo nkauj yuav nthuav dav, muab rau cov neeg siv khoom nkag mus rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj zoo kawg no.

Cov ntaub ntawv siv los ua piv txwv:
He, J., Giusti, MM (2010). Anthocyanins: Cov Xim Ntuj uas Muaj Cov Khoom Pab Txhawb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Txhua Xyoo ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Khoom Noj thiab Tshuab, 1, 163-187.
Wallace, TC, Giusti, MM (2015). Anthocyanins. Kev nce qib hauv kev noj haus, 6(5), 620-622.
Pojer, E., Mattivi, F., Johnson, D., Stockley, CS (2013). Cov Ntaub Ntawv rau Kev Noj Anthocyanin los Txhawb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Tib Neeg: Kev Tshuaj Xyuas. Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Tag Nrho hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Khoom Noj thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb Khoom Noj, 12(5), 483-508.